He is the author of Humanae Vitae and this alone should earn him sainthood given the mentality of the day which hasn't really left the Church until today. This one encyclical brought him more grief from Catholics who lost faith in natural law and turned to the law of medications to limit births which opened the door to pro-choice Catholics.
Did Blessed Paul VI make mistakes? Yes, but to err is human.
These are the major mistakes Blessed Paul VI made:
1. He set up a committee headed by Bishop Bugnini to revise the Mass and gave him too much authority to revise the Mass not as the Second Vatican Council asked but the way that academic liturgists wanted.
This led to the dumbing down of the catholicity of the Mass to promote ecumenism. This dumbing down led to the loss of Catholic spirituality in the Mass especially with the wrong headed method of translating the official Latin of the new Mass by using dynamic equivalence rather than a literal translation done well. This affected English the most.
Unfortunately too, Pope Paul allowed for experiementation in the Mass as it concerns the implementation of Bugnini's reforms especially in the area of inculturation which has since made the Mass so different from parish to parish, that these Masses are radically different from each other compared to a Latin OF Mass celebrated with chanted propers and ad orientem and the Tridentine Mass which are more similar in this form.
2. Pope Paul lamented the problems that Vatican II caused which he believed were not intended but a result of the "spirit" of Vatican II but he was too weak to actually crack heads and fire bishops who went to far--there were no excommunication by Paul VI.
He lamented the smoke of Satan entering the cracks of the Church but that's all he did. He seemed impotent as a leader especially by the mid to late 1970's. He was depressed about many things.
My final comment has to do with my own attitude about Paul VI in my late teens and early 20's. He was weak and ineffective in guiding the Church, meaning giving proper leadership. He dour and ineffective in his latter years.
He made suggestions about corrections but didn't back it up with mandates, and in this way is somewhat similar to Pope Benedict who modeled what was right but didn't require it, like Communion kneeling and receiving on the tongue, ad orientem, more Latin and the other things that Pope Benedict desired for the Church in terms of renewal in continuity and reading VAtican II in continuity with what preceded.
No saint is perfect except in heaven and neither was Pope Paul VI perfect by any stretch of the imagination but he is in heave where perfection is attained and he prays for his successor, Pope Francis who isn't perfect either.
But Pope Francis has teeth and uses the authority of the papacy to get what he wants. The only problem is that what His HOliness wants isn't helpful for the Church today unless we accept a Protestant form of the Catholic Church.
40 comments:
Nice photos but no sale. Paul VI destroyed the Roman Mass by allowing that creature, Bugnini, implement Sacrosanctum Concilium
JP II was a great man, but his abuse of the canonization process (the so-called saint factory) should have precluded him from canonization for at least a century.
Will the soon-to-be-sainted Paul VI be given a memorial in the so-called EF? I doubt it. Yet there are traditionalists who perversely regard him as one of theirs.
Admittedly his encyclicals were orthodox (unlike PF's) but then so were those of all his predecessors. The last ten years of his pontificate witnessed a catastrophic situation brought about by the Council he unfortunately reconvened in 1963 and yet he did no more than wring his hands.
A rather tragic figure, but not one to hold up as an example. PF can do as he likes. He is probably hell-bent, and there is nothing that his predecessor in Purgatory can do to help him, or for that matter anyone else.
Alas, non of the Popes subsequent to Paul VI changed the Mass to correct the problems introduced by the reforms of Vatican Council II. I seems that the forces against such fixes are far too powerful.
Pope Blessed Paul VI continued the radical reform process of Church life that Pope Venerable Pius XII initiated.
As with Pope Venerable Pius XII, Pope Blessed Paul VI's reforms were enacted in good faith to build up the Body of Christ. Whether said reforms achieved that goal is up to debate.
I believe that Pope Blessed Paul VI (as well as Pope Venerable Pius XII) lived a holy life on earth.
I will accept without question Holy Mother Church's decision to raise, should that happen, Pope Blessed Paul VI to the altars.
Pax.
Mark Thomas
MT,
LOL. You are still peddling that absolute nonsense that Pius XII pushed "radical reform?" Other than the Easter Week liturgy, the Mass did not change in any meaningful way, almost nil
MT
Perhaps you might question why, in half a millennium, only two popes were considered worthy of sainthood, whereas in a mere five years three very recent and not uncontroversial ones will have been canonized.
Your unquestioning acceptance of any and everything which comes out of Rome is evidence of a faith which is less childlike than childish.
Rome will not have seen anything like the canonization of Paul VI since Caligula made his horse a consul.
Also, within a couple of years Paul VI had dumped all the regalia and the papal altar was adorned with six stubby candles and a crucifix barely twelve inches high.
TJM said..."MT, LOL. You are still peddling that absolute nonsense that Pius XII pushed "radical reform?"
The following "absolute nonsense" in regard to Pope Venerable Pius XII's radical liturgical reforms has been complied by none other than "traditional" Catholics who have documented the radical liturgical reform process instituted by Pope Venerable Pius XII:
Pope Venerable Pius XII, who empowered Monsignor Bugnini to formulate radical liturgical reforms, instituted the following reforms:
(1) Liturgy must follow the “pastoral” principle to educate the faithful.
(2) Vernacular may be an integral part of the liturgy.
(3) Reduction of the priest’s role.
(4) Lay participation must ideally be vocal.
(5) New liturgical roles may be introduced.
(6) Prayers and ceremonies may be changed to accommodate modern “needs.”
(7) “Needless duplications” must be eliminated.
(8) The Ordo Missae itself may be changed, or parts eliminated.
(9) The Creed need not be recited on more solemn occasions.
(10) The priest “presides” passively at the bench when Scripture is read.
(11) Certain liturgical functions must be conducted “facing the people.”
(12) Emphasis on the saints must be reduced.
(13) Liturgical texts or practices that could offend heretics, schismatics or Jews should be modified.
(14) Liturgical expressions of reverence for the Blessed Sacrament may be “simplified” or reduced.
Father Cekada, a "traditional" priest, noted that "we recognize that these principles and precedents were the foot in the door to the eventual destruction of the Mass. In the very document promulgating the Novus Ordo, in fact, Paul VI himself points to the Pius XII legislation as the beginning of the process.
"You can hardly criticize the New Mass' vernacular, passive presider and ceremonies facing the people if you engage in the very same practices every year when Holy Week rolls around."
Pax.
Mark Thomas
TJM said..."MT, LOL. You are still peddling that absolute nonsense that Pius XII pushed "radical reform?"
The following is not from yours truly...rather, the following is from none other than staunch "traditionalists":
-- Pius XII Empowered Progressivists for the Liturgical Reform
http://www.traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/f083_Dialogue_10.htm
Pax.
Mark Thomas
TJM,
Again, not from yours truly...but from staunch "traditionalists":
-- Liturgical Anarchy Increases under Pius XII
http://www.traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/f100_Dialogue_21.htm
Pax.
Mark Thomas
MT,
What you posted above is pure garbage. I was living and praying at Mass when Pius XII was Pope. None of what you cited occurred. So go peddle your lies over at Pray Tell. You lack any real credibility
John Nolan said..."Your unquestioning acceptance of any and everything which comes out of Rome is evidence of a faith which is less childlike than childish."
I don't question the orthodox status of Rome's teachings. Whether Rome's pastoral decisions achieve desired results is open to discussion. But as the Church of Rome has the authority to teach, govern, and sanctify the Faithful, I submit happily to Rome's God-given authority over me.
As to my "childish" faith, I comply with CCC, 834, which referenced Saints Ignatius of Antioch, Irenaeus of Lyon, and Maximus the Confessor:
Particular Churches are fully catholic through their communion with one of them, the Church of Rome "which presides in charity."
"For with this church, by reason of its pre-eminence, the whole Church, that is the faithful everywhere, must necessarily be in accord."
Indeed, "from the incarnate Word's descent to us, all Christian churches everywhere have held and hold the great Church that is here [at Rome] to be their only basis and foundation since, according to the Savior's promise, the gates of hell have never prevailed against her."
==============================================================================
Mister Nolan, is the above "childish" to you?
Pax.
Mark Thomas
It is without doubt that Pope Blessed Paul VI continued Pope Venerable Pius XII's radical reform of the Church.
Pope Venerable Pius XII:
-- Launched the Church into the Ecumenical Movement. Pope Venerable Pius XII insisted that the Holy Ghost had inspired the creation of the Ecumenical Movement.
-- Insisted that the Church must conform to modern society.
-- Empowered Monsignor Bugnini to establish radical liturgical reforms.
-- Favored the United Nations Organization.
-- Called upon nations to surrendered armaments to the United Nations Organization.
-- Reformed the traditional Eucharistic Fast.
-- Laid the groundwork to reform the Good Friday Intercessions.
=======================================================================
Pope Blessed Paul VI Pontificate was in line with Pope Venerable Pius XII's radical reform of the Church.
Above all, Pope Venerable Pius XII had raised Pope Blessed Paul VI through the ranks of the Church.
Pax.
Mark Thomas
The FSSP has been granted a limited permission to use the pre-1955 Holy Week in certain apostolates for an experimental three-year period.
Marc, that is interesting.Is this something new and who granted the permission. Certain if recently, Pope Francis must have given his nod to it?
Is this new? Yes, it is, except to note that the FSSP has apparently been using variations on the older rite at its Roman flagship church for a number of years.
Permission was granted by the Ecclesia Dei Commission, which would presumably involve some nod from the pope.
The more surprising thing about this, to me, is that it is the FSSP who have been given this permission. In my experience with the FSSP, they have not seemed overly concerned with liturgics. On the other hand, the Institute of Christ the King has a long history, as part of its founding even, of using the old rite. And it is also worth mentioning that the SSPX notably expelled several of its priests some decades back due to their adherence to the old rite (among other things).
You can see the top of Enrico Dante's head in the last photo. Little did he know (or, perhaps he had an inkling) how his world was about to change.
MT,
Please demonstrate for the readers here how Pius XII modified the Mass during his pontificate. Please show us where the Mass set forth in the Missale Romanum changed. Lots of luck.
I'd conjecture that any priest who asks permission--as I suspect many have--in the right way is advised informally to use the pre-1955 rite if he wishes. That no one in Rome really cares about this sort of thing any more. There are hotter irons in the fire these days. Much more impressive "abuses" to worry about, if anyone cared about liturgical abuse any more.
Among the chief critics of the Holy Week reforms were John XXIII and Cardinal Heenan. Restoring the times of the services was one thing; mangling the rites was another, and Pius XII should not have allowed it. Those who employ uses of the Roman Rite which predate 1962 (whether it be Sarum or the pre-1955 Ordo for Holy Week) can justify their choice by reference to SP and UE, which restated the principle that the Church does not suppress orthodox and legitimate rites and uses.
I will remind Mark Thomas that not everything that comes out of Rome is the teaching of 'Holy Mother Church'. The statements of Antonio Spadaro and 'Tucho' Fernandez, both confidants of PF, are a case in point. Is PF speaking through them? If so, MT's preposterous assertion that the Holy Ghost speaks through PF would imply that God endorses heresy.
https://lmswrexham.weebly.com/news-blog/indult-for-the-fssp-pre-1955-holy-week
From an FSSP pastor:
"There is a great desire among many of the FSSP to celebrate Holy Week not according to the 1962 Roman Missal, but the 1955 Missal. The greater richness of the rites and ceremonies, the connection with the Breviary, and the overall coherence of the previous Holy Week are, in the opinion of many of the brethren, superior. A petition was made to the Holy See to obtain permission for this, and it was granted a week and a half ago, after a long period of waiting.:
"Further permission needed to be obtained from our superiors, and I immediately requested it. It was granted for our parish, so Holy Week this year will be rather different from what you are used to. I hope to be giving some catechesis on this over the next several weeks in this bulletin. The permission is given for three years ad experimentum, and then reports will be sent to the Holy See as to how things went and how it was received by the faithful. Your priests and the choir will do their utmost to celebrate these mysteries with the greatest attention and devotion."
It is often advocated that the older Holy Week ceremonies that are contained in the 1955 Missale Romanum are much rich and represent a climax in liturgical development over many years as opposed to the revised version promulgated by Pope Pius XII. Indeed, the changes became the ceremonies that were included in the 1962 Missal and it could be argued that they were the prelude to eventual liturgical changes brought about by the Second Vatican Council.
This indult, given by Pontifical Council Ecclesia Dei will be applicable to the Priestly Fraternity of St Peter, beginning on Palm Sunday 25th March 2018. I understand it will apply for 3 years. The Good Friday Prayer for Jews composed by Pope Benedict XVI has to be used.
MT -
I have to agree with TJM on that one. I would be interested to better understand that which is contrary to my understanding as well.
ByzRC,
MT will never respond to a factual question. He will respond with emotion, feelings, and a diatribe containing non sequiturs. I suspect he has never read Mediator Dei where Pius XII condemned archeologicalism in viewing the Liturgy and said Latin was to remain the language of the Roman Mass. Maybe he has a secret, unpublished version that Pius XII wrote just for him and his fellow travelers on the left
John Nolan said..."I will remind Mark Thomas that not everything that comes out of Rome is the teaching of 'Holy Mother Church'. The statements of Antonio Spadaro and 'Tucho' Fernandez, both confidants of PF, are a case in point. Is PF speaking through them? If so, MT's preposterous assertion that the Holy Ghost speaks through PF would imply that God endorses heresy."
Mister Nolan, please don't misrepresent me. Thank you.
Please don't suggest that I proposed the following:
A supposed "confidant" of Pope Francis declares "X."
"X" is then to be accepted as having been inspired by the Holy Ghost.
If "X," for example, isn't official Church of Rome teaching, then "X" isn't official teaching.
===================================================================
I am in communion with my bishop. My bishop is in communion with Pope Francis. My pastor is in communion with our Bishop and Pontiff.
In turn, I am aware of that which the Magisterium has called me to believe as a Catholic.
Should Father Spadaro, for example, state that which the Magisterium has not called upon me to accept as official teaching, then why would I believe that I am required to accept Father Spadaro's declaration in question?
Pax.
Mark Thomas
"preposterous assertion that the Holy Ghost speaks through PF"
Certainly, it is not authentic Catholic belief that a pope speaks under inspiration of the Holy Spirit. As Cardinal Newman wrote--explaining papal infallibility as defined by Vatican I--the only infallibility the Pope possesses is the infallibility of the Church. This is a negative gift; unlike the Apostles, Popes are not inspired but merely protected from error in infallible definitions. Nor do definitions involving infallibility come of positive divine guidance, but of human means through Church practice and procedures. And in speaking on his own, even the pope can teach false doctrine that misleads the faithful. All this was established as Catholic belief at Vatican I and in its wake.
MT,
We are still waiting for your evidence that the Mass was radically altered during Pius XII's pontificate. Please send us all of the cites.
TJM, I employed none other than "traditional" Catholic sources to document the radical liturgical reforms that Pope Venerable Pius XII instituted.
Did you not read, for example, the 14 radical liturgical reforms, concocted with Monsignor Bugnini's help, that Pope Venerable Pius XII implemented?
You are unaware that Pope Venerable Pius XII...
-- Allowed vernacular Mass.
-- Allowed evening Mass.
-- Reformed dramatically the Traditional Eucharistic Fast.
-- In 1955 A.D., "eliminated roughly half the vigils in the Roman calendar, including the vigil of the Epiphany and the vigils of the Apostles."
-- Reduction of the priest’s role.
-- Lay participation must ideally be vocal.
-- Prayers and ceremonies may be changed to accommodate modern “needs.”
-- The Ordo Missae itself may be changed, or parts eliminated.
-- The Creed need not be recited on more solemn occasions.
-- Certain liturgical functions must be conducted “facing the people.”
-- Liturgical texts or practices that could offend heretics, schismatics or Jews should be modified.
==============================================================================
TJM, do you deny the above? Do you deny that Pope Venerable Pius XII established the radical liturgical reform of the Roman Liturgy?
Pax.
Mark Thomas
From Rorate Caeli:
In regard to Pope Venerable Pius XII's radical liturgical reform...as well as the door to additional radical liturgical reforms that Pope Venerable Pius XII had opened:
"...this reform became the "head of the battering-ram" in the heart of the Roman liturgy and "the most important act since St. Pius V until now."
===============================================================================
https://rorate-caeli.blogspot.com/2010/07/reform-of-holy-week-in-years-1951-1956.html
"Father Carlo Braga, the right arm of Annibale Bugnini and for years at the helm of the authoritative review Ephemerides Liturgicae, defined the reform of Holy Saturday in bold terms, calling it "the head of the battering-ram which pierced the fortress of our hitherto static liturgy."
"The future-Cardinal Ferdinando Antonelli defined it thus in 1956: "the most important act in the history of the liturgy from St. Pius V until today."
===========================================================================
Pope Blessed Paul VI, April 3, 1969 A.D.
"It was felt necessary to revise and enrich the formulae of the Roman Missal.
"The first stage of such a reform was the work of Our Predecessor Pius XII with the reform of the Easter Vigil and the rites of Holy Week, which constituted the first step in the adaptation of the Roman Missal to the contemporary way of thinking."
Pax.
Mark Thomas
MT,Epic fail. You cite nothing which shows changes to the Mass celebrated on Sundays and weekdays during Pius XII's pontificate. Were you even around prior to 1958?
Oh Lawd, Mark Thomas is back. :-O
Compared to his predecessors, Pope Pius XII did revise many elements of the historic Roman Rite. Many ancient vigils and octaves were removed, the dialogue Mass was officially encouraged, the ancient practice of 1st Vespers for feasts was eliminated for most feasts, the historical form of Holy Week was revised, evening Mass was approved, and the ancient Eucharistic fast was modified (along with a lot of other liturgical minutiae). Remember, Pope Pius XII appointed Archbishop Bugnini; John XXIII removed him. However, most members of the laity do not care about detailed rubrics (which is probably for the best), and the Mass generally looked the same as always (as it would until 1964). Had Pius XII lived longer, more reforms would have been instituted, but the continuity between rites would have most likely remained evident. There is no problem in admitting these facts. Pope Pius XII also did not allow disagreement on sacramental discipline for the divorced and remarried, forbade Holy Communion to Protestants, and did not permit some of his cardinals to study "homosexual blessings" or espouse a view of conscience that allows people to live in sin. Pope Pius XII was a Pope who believed in some liturgical reform (so did Pope St. Pius X), but he was also a Pope who governed and worshiped in much continuity with his predecessors.
"What part of Pope Paul VI is being canonized by Pope Francis?" - The Vatican II part.
TJM, "epic fail?" Nope. Did you read my initial in this thread?
Here is the first sentence from my initial post in question:
"Pope Blessed Paul VI continued the radical reform process of Church life that Pope Venerable Pius XII initiated."
My statement is correct. Pope Venerable Pius XII initiated radical liturgical reforms.
My second post in this thread listed 14 radical liturgical reforms that Pope Venerable Pius XII initiated.
Your "bait and switch" routine with my posts doesn't bother me.
I supported with facts my initial statement. In addition, Pope Blessed Paul VI acknowledged that the Novus Ordo continued the liturgical reform initiated by Pope Venerable Pius XII.
===================================================================
TraditionalMass.org noted that Pope Blessed Paul VI incorporated into his liturgical reforms several liturgical reforms established by Pope Venerable Pius XII. A few such examples:
-- Pope Blessed Paul VI suppressed the Last Gospel; in 1955 A.D., the Last Gospel was suppressed for the Masses of Holy Week.
-- Pope Blessed Paul VI suppressed the psalm Judica me for the Prayers at the Foot of the Altar; the same had been anticipated by the 1955 A.D. Holy Week.
-- Pope Blessed Paul VI promoted Mass celebrated facing the people; the 1955 A.D. Holy Week initiated this practice by introducing it wherever possible (especially on Palm Sunday).
Pope Venerable Pius XII permitted the use of vernaculars...promoted also by Pope Blessed Paul VI.
Initiated by Pope Venerable Pius XII: "Liturgical texts or practices that could offend heretics, schismatics or Jews should be modified"...promoted also by Pope Blessed Paul VI.
Time and again, the radical liturgical reforms initiated by Pope Venerable Pius XII were promoted by Pope Blessed Paul VI.
I presented facts related to Pope Venerable Pius XII's radical, Monsignor Bugnini-aided liturgical reform.
TJM, why do you pretend that Pope Venerable Pius XII did not initiate radical liturgical reforms?
Pax.
Mark Thomas
Adam Michael said..."Pope Pius XII...governed and worshiped in much continuity with his predecessors."
That applies also to his successors.
Pax.
Mark Thomas
Adam Michael said..."Had Pius XII lived longer, more reforms would have been instituted, but the continuity between rites would have most likely remained evident."
When Pope Venerable Pius XII initiated liturgical reforms, said reforms departed radically from Roman liturgical tradition. He engaged in radical liturgical reform.
Therefore, contrary to your speculation in question, had he lived longer, it is logical to believe that Pope Venerable Pius XII's propensity to initiate radical liturgical reforms would have continued throughout his Pontificate.
=========================================================================
Adam Michael said..."Pope Pius XII also did not allow disagreement on sacramental discipline for the divorced and remarried, forbade Holy Communion to Protestants, and did not permit some of his cardinals to study "homosexual blessings" or espouse a view of conscience that allows people to live in sin."
What does that prove?
Pope Venerable Pius XII departed in dramatic fashion with many of his predecessors.
Examples:
-- Pope Pius XI condemned Catholic participation in the Ecumenical Movement.
However, Pope Venerable Pius XII launched the Church into the Ecumenical Movement. He insisted that the Holy Ghost had inspired the establishment of the Ecumenical Movement.
-- Pope Venerable Pius XII departed from his predecessors in regard to his radical reform of the Eucharistic Fast.
-- Pope Venerable Pius XII opened the door to married Latin Church priests as he permitted married Protestant clergymen to be ordained as Catholic priests.
-- Pope Venerable Pius XII "directed the world’s religious superiors to begin the modernization of their congregations. He specifically urged simplification of habits, laying aside of outmoded customs, and the ongoing education of members."
-- He departed from his predecessors prominently in regard to his radical liturgical innovations.
Pax.
Mark Thomas
MT,
Instead of cherry-picking phrases, use your intellect. Now, in clear, concise words, answer the following:
1) Which Texts of the Missale Romanum did Pius XII change?
2) Which Rubrics in the Missale Romanum did Pius XII change?
Do us all a favor, once you answer these two points, you will see that the assertions you throw out are utter, complete, nonsense.
MT,
Have you found the answers to my 2 questions yet?
MT,
I am still waiting for your answers to my 2 questions.
TJM,
I doubt that Mark Thomas will respond to you. He is not really interested in Pope Pius XII, Catholic life in the 1950s, or liturgical reform. He is instead only concerned with demonstrating that Pope Pius XII was a "radical," so that he can justify the inarguably radical and innovative nature of recent pontificates. If Mark Thomas can prove that "the last traditional pope" was as innovative as his successors, he neutralizes opposition to the current Vatican and Pope Francis. It is not difficult to determine MT's intention, since, papal-obsessed as he is, an attempt to shore up the present Vatican is never far from his mind.
"When Pope Venerable Pius XII initiated liturgical reforms, said reforms departed radically from Roman liturgical tradition. He engaged in radical liturgical reform."
I doubt that you are the person to determine what is or is not a radical liturgical reform. This requires study and knowledge of 1950s individual ritual reforms, which you have not demonstrated. Beyond the inclusion of additional feasts and small rubric reforms, Pope Pius XII did not revise the Ceremonial of Bishops, Roman Pontifical, Epistle Book, Gospel Book, Roman Gradual, Roman Martyrology, or Roman Ritual. Except for the reform to Holy Week (a change, which retained traditional prayers and readings, even while shortening and simplifying ceremonies) and simplification of calendar rubrics (calendar rubrics, which in general, have always been reformable), Pius XII left untouched the Roman Missal and Roman Breviary.
"Therefore, contrary to your speculation in question, had he lived longer, it is logical to believe that Pope Venerable Pius XII's propensity to initiate radical liturgical reforms would have continued throughout his Pontificate."
You must first demonstrate the radical nature of Pope Pius XII's liturgical reforms.
"What does that prove?"
It proves everything since all the examples you reference are changeable traditions of the Church that temporally arose and have always been subject to revision by the Church, while theories of autonomy of conscience that permit one to live in sin, administering the sacraments to non-members of the Church, allowing objective mortal sinners to sacramentally participate in the Church without repentance, and rejecting evangelization of the Jews (and positing that the Old Covenant remains salvific for them) have historically been viewed as unchangeable aspects of the Church's Faith. By tolerating these deviations among eminent churchmen, Pope Francis and his immediate predecessors govern the Church radically different from Pope Pius XII's, whose reforms (which were much more conservative than you indicate - he encouraged continued observance of the ancient Eucharistic Fast and did not permit religious to completely jettison the habit, in contrast to several of his successors) did not deal with aspects of the Church's doctrinal Faith.
MT,
Why haven't you responded? Is it because your thesis is BS? Man up and admit you were wrong about Pius XII
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