Of course progressives will have none of that! My body, my life, my way or the highway. Thus Humanae Vitae is derided as outdated precisely because Catholic guilt concerning sex is just way to personal. Sex goes to the core of who we are and no one wants to feel guilty about who they are.
But it is human to want to feel guilty about something and to want others to feel guilty too.
And thus, just like the 1970's, we are being made to feel guilty about all the social issues that we either can't change (unlike our sexual immoral behaviors) or will not change because no one would put up with what one has to do to change it.
Think about our American bishops in the1970's and 80's writing letters on the economy,on war and nuclear disarmament and the like. Usually they wrote on things outside of their competence. But what can rank and file Catholics do about war, nuclear weapons, and the like and when we poor old priests at that time had to communicate the Bishop's ideologies to our congregations, we were clobbered especially in the south with so many military installations. And what do I know about economics?
Meanwhile priests break their vows and promises, bishops ignore it or coddle them and pray they'll stop in their new cushy assignments. You'd think after a hundred of these assignments and hundreds of breaking of vows and promises there would be some moral outrage. But alas no, at least not from those in charge.
And today, we continue to pay for the sins of our bishops and there is no end in sight for this and the decline it has caused in Church attendance and the credibility of the Church's moral voice.
But now a liturgy blog has a post on what is new Catholic guilt especially as it regards air conditioning. But there are other things too where guilt is heaped upon Catholics and some of them, especially the progressives who need to have something to feel guilty about, are eating it up in the most self-righteous ways possible.
READ for yourself, from Praytell:
“Laudato Si” and Liturgical Life — Example 2: How We Assemble for Worship
Jul 27
I keep thinking about the implications of Pope Francis’s Encyclical Laudato Si for liturgical life. Today, I ponder some concrete elements of how we assemble for worship.
First, there is the uncomfortable truth that churches are big consumers of energy, and quite a bit of that consumption happens on Sunday morning. Let’s take the parish of St. Routine as an example.
Many of the faithful drive to Mass, often one person or one couple per car. St. Routine’s sizeable parking lot, with conventional asphalt pavement, eases the driving worshippers’ access to the sanctuary. The sanctuary itself is air-conditioned, usually below 74-76 degrees (a recent article in the New York Times on America’s addiction to over-air-conditioning made the intriguing point that it serves as a sign of power and prestige to make people feel cold: WholeFoods is chillier than Krogers, and Krogers is colder than Piggly Wiggly. — The differing temperatures between “prestigious” and store-front churches will map onto this).
But of course all this is only the beginning of Sunday morning at St. Routine. We have barely entered the sanctuary. St. Routine, being a nice and welcoming church, has its doors wide open before Mass — never mind the air-conditioning that escapes from the interior. Once inside the cool sanctuary, worshippers celebrate what is by most counts a beautiful liturgy – un-troubled of course by the humanly-engineered threat of ecocide and the desperate need for creation-care (although resources for such liturgical creation care abound, e.g., by the British organization “Green Christian” (http://www.greenchristian.org.uk/) which offers online resources like a “prayer guide” and “worship materials”). St. Routine will also never go through a “Greening Congregations Program” (at Earth Ministry (http://earthministry.org/), take the “St. Francis Pledge to Care for Creation and the Poor” (from the Catholic Coalition on Climate Change, at http://www.catholicsandclimatechange.org/), or work through a “worship check-list” about the sustainability of its worship practices (at http://www.letallcreationpraise.org/liturgy/worship-checklist). After all, what would motivate St. Routine to consider options like living flowers or plants in the sanctuary; beeswax candles rather than (oil-based) paraffin wax candles; local wine for communion; use of natural lighting, etc.?
Instead, the faithful file into a nicely air-conditioned hall after Mass, to enjoy coffee in styrofoam cups, before heading home in their cars.
The trouble with St. Routine of course is not that this community celebrates bad liturgies or that its faithful are bigger sinners than the rest of us. The trouble is that the parish’s liturgical life routinely participates in non-sustainable practices that are by now widely known to further the threat of a catastrophic end to our planet earth.
And as Pope Francis tweeted on July 2: “Stop ruining the garden which God has entrusted to us!” Rather than only the fossil-fuel industry, maybe Francis also had St. Routine in mind?
My final comment: Don't get me wrong. I believe we should take care of our planet. I hate that in the south today when new homes are built, the land is clear-cut whereas in the past large trees were saved and added to the beauty and value of the property not to mention to help keep things cool and thus no need for the air conditioner blasting day and night.
I liked Lady Byrd Johnson's plan to keep America Beautiful and to improve the environment. We have accomplished much in the last 50 years or so and things are better than they were in the 1950's.
But I remember in my low flung ceiling church in Augusta prior to it being air conditioned, that in the summer we got a taste of what hell was like! Well, we did have giant fans, but these drowned out the priest, choir and even the silent prayers sent to God! And in the summer the priests were given dispensations to have either very short sermons or none at all so that the Mass could end early so hot it was!
Never mind the parishioners who fainted during Mass, a rather routine occurrence!
I refuse to feel guilty about air conditioning, but I will feel guilty about my parishioners having a heat stroke and dying because I felt guilty about a too cool church and turned the air conditioning off during the summer and opened the windows and just to please the pope. Talk about the heresy of ultramontanism!
And on top of that, Italians even if from South America, have a superstition about air conditioning and that cold air blowing on their neck will make the sick and die! I kid you not! I know!
First, there is the uncomfortable truth that churches are big consumers of energy, and quite a bit of that consumption happens on Sunday morning. Let’s take the parish of St. Routine as an example.
Many of the faithful drive to Mass, often one person or one couple per car. St. Routine’s sizeable parking lot, with conventional asphalt pavement, eases the driving worshippers’ access to the sanctuary. The sanctuary itself is air-conditioned, usually below 74-76 degrees (a recent article in the New York Times on America’s addiction to over-air-conditioning made the intriguing point that it serves as a sign of power and prestige to make people feel cold: WholeFoods is chillier than Krogers, and Krogers is colder than Piggly Wiggly. — The differing temperatures between “prestigious” and store-front churches will map onto this).
But of course all this is only the beginning of Sunday morning at St. Routine. We have barely entered the sanctuary. St. Routine, being a nice and welcoming church, has its doors wide open before Mass — never mind the air-conditioning that escapes from the interior. Once inside the cool sanctuary, worshippers celebrate what is by most counts a beautiful liturgy – un-troubled of course by the humanly-engineered threat of ecocide and the desperate need for creation-care (although resources for such liturgical creation care abound, e.g., by the British organization “Green Christian” (http://www.greenchristian.org.uk/) which offers online resources like a “prayer guide” and “worship materials”). St. Routine will also never go through a “Greening Congregations Program” (at Earth Ministry (http://earthministry.org/), take the “St. Francis Pledge to Care for Creation and the Poor” (from the Catholic Coalition on Climate Change, at http://www.catholicsandclimatechange.org/), or work through a “worship check-list” about the sustainability of its worship practices (at http://www.letallcreationpraise.org/liturgy/worship-checklist). After all, what would motivate St. Routine to consider options like living flowers or plants in the sanctuary; beeswax candles rather than (oil-based) paraffin wax candles; local wine for communion; use of natural lighting, etc.?
Instead, the faithful file into a nicely air-conditioned hall after Mass, to enjoy coffee in styrofoam cups, before heading home in their cars.
The trouble with St. Routine of course is not that this community celebrates bad liturgies or that its faithful are bigger sinners than the rest of us. The trouble is that the parish’s liturgical life routinely participates in non-sustainable practices that are by now widely known to further the threat of a catastrophic end to our planet earth.
And as Pope Francis tweeted on July 2: “Stop ruining the garden which God has entrusted to us!” Rather than only the fossil-fuel industry, maybe Francis also had St. Routine in mind?
My final comment: Don't get me wrong. I believe we should take care of our planet. I hate that in the south today when new homes are built, the land is clear-cut whereas in the past large trees were saved and added to the beauty and value of the property not to mention to help keep things cool and thus no need for the air conditioner blasting day and night.
I liked Lady Byrd Johnson's plan to keep America Beautiful and to improve the environment. We have accomplished much in the last 50 years or so and things are better than they were in the 1950's.
But I remember in my low flung ceiling church in Augusta prior to it being air conditioned, that in the summer we got a taste of what hell was like! Well, we did have giant fans, but these drowned out the priest, choir and even the silent prayers sent to God! And in the summer the priests were given dispensations to have either very short sermons or none at all so that the Mass could end early so hot it was!
Never mind the parishioners who fainted during Mass, a rather routine occurrence!
I refuse to feel guilty about air conditioning, but I will feel guilty about my parishioners having a heat stroke and dying because I felt guilty about a too cool church and turned the air conditioning off during the summer and opened the windows and just to please the pope. Talk about the heresy of ultramontanism!
And on top of that, Italians even if from South America, have a superstition about air conditioning and that cold air blowing on their neck will make the sick and die! I kid you not! I know!
35 comments:
The comments that go along with that article make interesting reading. Here perhaps we can see the parish church of the future:
"I cringe when I think of the waste generated just in our worship aides. All those paper back misselettes and hymnals create a massive amount of waste each and every year. Although I am not a big fan of projected texts and music, at least that (along with permenant hard bound hymnals) is eco friendly"
"winter heating is the bigger energy consumer. Traditional church aesthetics don’t help. High ceilings, old stained glass, large non-revolving doors…
You can print responsorial psalm refrains and even propers in the bulletin and do away with misselettes altogether. If you really want to follow along with the readings, you have your phone or Kindle."
"Here in Ireland a local entrepreneur has been making altar wine for many years. He imports the grapes from God knows where (also is importing grapes better for the enviornment than importing wine???). The taste is terrible, I am a lover of nearly everything that comes from my home County of Cork, but with all respects to Laudato Si, I think that this is a bridge too far."
I'm with the priest from Ireland on this and I think that Laudato Si is "a bridge too far" too
Jan
Interesting to me how addicted Southerners have become to air conditioning. After all, humans survived for millennia without it. I never had any until I moved to Georgia, not even in my car.
We did not have it in our cars until the late 79's. Drive to Nova Scotia with 3 kids and 2 adults in July and you will understand our addiction!
Here at my SSPX parish, we do not have air conditioning, and we are in a rather large old building where the fans don't quite cut it. It was about 88 degrees during Mass this morning. It was hotter on Sunday when the Church was filled with people.
While it is true that people have survived without air conditioning from the beginning of time, it is also true that air conditioning saves lives. Instead of getting rid of air conditioning, we should be taking steps to make sure that people in hotter climates have access to it so that their lives will be improved, which will aid them along the path to salvation.
As you suggest, given that the environment is collective/social responsibility, it's much easier to shift the burden to someone else (the capitalists, the Republicans, the rich white corporate industrialists, etc.). That's a natural outgrowth of the mentality that is attracted to the plural. We believe in one God . . . Be merciful O Lord, for we have sinned . . . etc. Among other things, it changes guilt into blame. If "we" are complicit at all, it's in allowing such a system to continue. The remedy for any sinfulness we have is to rise up and revolutionize the system so that we can punish these blameworthy individuals.
It takes more energy to elevate a building to 75 degrees when the outside temps are below freezing than it does to lower the inside tempt to 75 degrees when the outside temps are in the 90s.... but it doesn't FEEL like heat is as unnatural as cooling so the blithering idiots among the environmentalist don't grasp this fact of thermodynamics.
Now, I'm all in favor of promoting building codes calling for insulated concrete forms rather than wood built construction. ICF and tile roofs increase RF value, are fireproof and resistant to wind and water damage too. But they are twice the cost per square foot so generally not used. But if we did use them it would save untold amount of energy long term and would save lives....
I'm all in favor of mandating each home have a 'safe room' or internal access tornado shelter/root cellar. But again, it would necessarily add to the cost of the construction. There's no free lunch.
It's like being "for" an increase in MINIMUM wage but then being aghast when your favorite restaurant increases prices or goes out of business or automates and eliminates jobs.... there's no free lunch.
But regardless...cooling takes less energy in the South than heating does in the North. Heating 2,000 sq. ft to 75 degrees in Michigan when it's 20 degrees outside takes a lot more BTUs than to lower the inside tempt to 75 when it's 95 outside.
Here is a link to a 2013 A.D. newspaper article about how we could live without air conditioning. The article noted the construction techniques that Southerners, in particular, used to employ prior to the widespread use of air conditioning.
If home and buildings were constructed in accord with old-time cooling strategies, we would reduce greatly our dependency upon air conditioning.
https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2013/07/20/how-live-without-air-conditioning/4DqSdLtDiJ4iAn29lNCjaI/story.html
Mark Thomas
Big trees on a shaded lot are air conditioning too
Air conditioning is a comfort and a convenience, not an essential of life. People attended Mass for roughly 1950 years before air conditioning was common.
My question is whether Ms. Berger has found it beneficial for her soul to sacrifice not the A/C or church aesthetics for the benefit of the planet, but when the last time was that she sacrificed a bUrger for God? No meat on Friday is a cute little joke among the liberal faithful, but banishing the use of styrofoam is where the real holiness is achieved.
I love how people become vegan or use less water, or do whatever they think is so critical, all for the benefit of Mother dirt. Notice how all the suggestions for sacrifice have nothing to do with God? In fact you should make your church building look like a low elevation barn regardless of how it might diminish the glorification of God. In essence we need to make God sacrifice for the fragile planet that He created just a mere 4 billion years ago.
Mike
Air conditioning may be in short supply in the place I am heading tomorrow---Greece. The climate in Athens is similar to Macon, at least this time of year (maybe cooler in the winter over there though).
An old story up here in Atlanta from years ago was that when folks in the pews would complain about no A/C in church, the pastor would say "if you think it is hot here, think of the poor souls in Hell...." Some perspective I guess! Last year our parish pastor, tired of the "shorts and flip-flop" attendees at our parish, ran a story in the parish bulletin that he and the parish council had agreed to build a large indoor pool---some people did not realize it was a joke, but the point was that you should not dress for Church like you are headed to the pool, especially with A/C. If headed to the pool from church, several places to change there. Mixed results so far---compromise to some might be to still wear shorts, but replace the flip-flops with boat shoes...
I agree that each Catholic should have his own hand-missal, that altar candles should be beeswax, and that flowers in the sanctuary should be real. As for fossil fuels, we humans are ingenuous at solving problems, and so we'll solve any problems associated with fossil fuels very soon.
I am confused by this post. On the one hand, the premise seems to be that we are made to feel guilty about many social issues, such as the economy, the environment, and war that are beyond our personal control. On the other hand, we should remain guilty about sexual matters that are in our personal control. And yet we are exhorted to vote on sexual issues and thus influence the law through the democratic process. Why is the same not true of these social issues? Also, to the extent there is an implied critique of feeling responsible for social issues, is this an implied rejection of much of the CCC?
On air conditioning specifically, I feel somewhat torn. I have experienced myself the consequences of not having air conditioning, having become seriously dehydrated a few years ago when we were without it for a couple of days in July after it broke in our home. So, I greatly appreciate the blessings of that technology. On the other hand, I agree that we could be much more sensible about how we deal with these heat issues. JusadBellum and Mark Thomas have some good suggestions regarding construction practices. Also, as Father McDonald points out, trees are a no-brainer as far as shade is concerned. I have always liked trees for shade (up to 20 degrees cooler) and aesthetics. (However, they do make the gutters more difficult to clean and increase the risk of house damage during a storm; I have discovered, too, that they can also be a bridge for hundreds or even thousands of ants to get in your house if they touch it anywhere.) So, sound common sense can go a long way. In addition, installing solar panels may be something to consider. I looked into this a few years ago but the technology was too new and untested in domestic application (and then I suppose there is the environmental impact of producing them). Does anyone have experience with solar panels?
I have a backlog of guilt.
Getting rid of air conditioning will keep the yankees away. Where do I sign up.
A2, the use of solar panels in homes has increased dramatically and options/prices have fallen as a result. Also, I believe there is still a federal tax break. We talked about doing this when we built our home years ago but prices were still very high... Now much more reasonable but we're getting pretty old and need to downsize. You should check it out. I think our son in law has a family member who has done it if you're interested.
Jusadbellum says "but it doesn't FEEL like heat is as unnatural as cooling so the blithering idiots among the environmentalist don't grasp this fact of thermodynamics."
Precisely, there's a failure to understand basic thermodynamics...but even education won't fix this problem :p
The going green factor aside, I think we should get rid of the disposable missaletes simply because God's Word in Sacred Scripture, nor the texts of Holy Mass should be treated as some disposable situation. I agree with Father, everyone should have their own missal. (Well, in the East, we don't have this problem, propers are contained in a missal)
While yes, we have lived without central AC for quite a while, I'm certainly thankful for it with these 100 degree days we've been having in California lately...It is easier to cool a system than it is to heat it. (Transfer of heat is always from higher to lower)
I'll say it again, the elevation of prudential judgement issues to de facto dogma has been, and continues to be a problem.
I may be going overboard...but if anybody is interested in the profound impact that that air conditioning has on the South, please consider the following link:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2208474?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
The End of the Long Hot Summer: The Air Conditioner and Southern Culture by Raymond Arsenault. The Journal of Southern History
Mark Thomas
More on the profound impact that air conditioning has made on our lives, particularly on Southerners.
The blog, The Science of the South, has run several articles on the deep impact that air conditioning has had on the South.
There is even an article on the major impact that air conditioning has had on the tremendous growth of Atlanta, Georgia.
http://www.scienceofthesouth.com/?s=air+conditioning
By the way, I wonder whether His Holiness Pope Francis is aware as to tremendous conversations across America (and, I imagine, the world) that his brief comment on air conditioning has generated?
Mark Thomas
As a dyed-in-the-wool traditionalist, I favor a traditional mass in a traditional dead language in a traditional church with a traditional altar rail by a traditional priest without air conditioning. The old ways were best.
Dear Father, here is an article published last month in the Catholic Herald. The article, by Father Alexander Lucie-Smith is a Catholic priest, doctor of moral theology, penned in regard to #55 from the Pope's Encyclical Laudato si.
The article discussed Pope Francis' brief (but impactful) remark about air conditioning.
http://www.catholicherald.co.uk/commentandblogs/2015/06/19/has-the-pope-condemned-the-use-of-air-conditioning/
Father, I am interested in your comments on the article in question.
By the way, in Laudato si, His Holiness Pope Francis offered several remarks in regard to how Catholics should reclaim Sunday as a day centered around the Eucharist, along with rest, holy activities, and spiritual meditation.
It is amazing that the Pope's focus upon the reclamation of the true meaning of Sunday has received little, if any, notice within and without the Church.
But the Pope's mention of air conditioning generated tremendous attention within and without the Church.
Mark Thomas
Mark Thomas
A2,
You are assuming that people here are incapable of being concerned about social issues if they're concerned about personal sexual morality.
Further, you seem to assume that unless one votes in accordance with what is, at best, prudential determinations of the hierarchy, that one doesn't value Catholic social teaching.
I submit in return that it is possible to want everyone to have as much material wealth and prosperity as possible and to simultaneously believe that voting in a left wing/collectivist/democratic socialist manner isn't the best way to achieve that.
I am sitting in an air conditioned house and it was almost 100 today. This is progress. When we moved to Atlanta in the summer of 1956 we did not have air but a couple of fans. My father did not allow fans at night. Our bodies adjusted and sweating cooled us down. Mt bed was wet in the morning. I wasn't a bed wetter, it was swear. I had to have a glass of water on my nightstand as I would wake up dehydrated and thirsty.
We got a small used window unit air conditioner in Augusta in 1962. It barely cooled our small living room. All the other rooms were closed off from the living room. It showed what a furnace our house was impart from the living room.
I think Pope Francis obsesses on progress wrought by capitalism. He is puritanical in this regard but entitled to his beliefs. I these distract from the things he legitimately must teach on which are afuscated by his idiosyncratic preoccupations, the Sunday obligation being just one of too many.
The idea of caring for the environment is a good one. It is indeed a form of stewardship. What I do not care for is the musical chairs method of placing blame for problems where someone pulls the chair away from one group in hopes of having them carry all of the responsibility. Farmers, miners, bankers, government, etc. all have something to contribute to the solution and can help improve the total environment for everyone if they allow everyone else to be part of the solution, too. I read recently where Elizabeth Scalia was tired of being scolded by Pope Francis. I could not help but think that was the same weariness besetting homosexuals. I am not sure that Pope Francis is trying to destroy Church doctrine, overturn teaching, or demonize traditionalists as much as he is trying to make sure that every sinner knows the Lord God opens His arms for all of us. Again, I will say that Pope Francis' exposure to capitalists is flawed if he is only familiar with the oligarchies and corrupt systems of Argentina and Europe. It could be, however, that he is making platitudinous generalizations that a good steward would agree with, hoping that it will catch the attention of less astute businessmen. Perhaps he is making these statements in the same manner that he welcomes homosexuals to Mass without, hopefully, driving out the people who have been trying to be faithful to Church teachings all along. I have seen agricultural practices that are staggeringly bad, even foolish that were almost universally encouraged until some where a breeze of public sentiment shifted. What we have is people trying to be right and in control rather than people trying to actually show the greater benefits of good stewardship. It is the same with salvation. People complain of being threatened with eternal damnation when they could be shown the ineffable rewards of living with God.
Fr McDonald, I think you meant "I wasn't a d**n Yankee bed wetter." If it was, as you say, "swear".
Like Barbee says, internet is hard.
😆
The are places in the U.S where one could get by without having to generate heat in the cold months of the year, if one had to. This would be in parts of California, Arizona, New Mexico, South Texas and South Florida. For much of the country the need for generated heat- either gas,oil, or electric - is much more of a necessity than air conditioning. There is no comparison in the energy consumption nationwide between heating (far greater) and air conditioning. With the use of fans however one could get by without modern cooling systems. In most of the country getting by without heat would be very, very difficult, leaving one with expending a large amounts of time and energy just trying to keep warm. This is why there are those in parts of this country and in other parts of the world who look on conditioned air as a luxury. Heating has been around since man first learned to utilize fire. Air conditioning is a recent development and so it is a new addition to energy consumption equation. To those who have not had to endure Georgia's purgatorial season, it is an easy target.
Jdj:
Thank you for the information about solar panels. Yes, I am definitely interested in finding out more and have just been researching the comparative pros and cons of purchasing and installing versus leasing.
Anonymous,
Actually, I wasn’t assuming those things. I was trying to discover what Father McDonald was assuming when he wrote:
“But it is human to want to feel guilty about something and to want others to feel guilty too.
And thus, just like the 1970's, we are being made to feel guilty about all the social issues that we either can't change (unlike our sexual immoral behaviors) or will not change because no one would put up with what one has to do to change it. . . . But what can rank and file Catholics do about war, nuclear weapons, and the like. . . And what do I know about economics?”
Commenting on air conditioning while babies are torn limb to limb and their pieces sold off -- I suspect most Planned Parenthood locations are air-conditioned and "welcoming" to those needing "health care" - a basic "human right".
Going to school in South Georgia (depending upon grade and sometimes class) there were long stretches of un-air-conditioneed rooms. At times an afternoon rain shower would pour just long enough to send the humidity to 110%. How did we survive?
There is something seriously wrong in this country (and others) and most of the world is either silent, distracted or unaware.
Save the trees, save the whales, save the people, save the souls, clean the water AND save the unborn babies. It can be done.
http://stephenschneider.stanford.edu/Publications/PDF_Papers/WSJ_July11_96.pdf
This link dispels some of the nonsense about "AGW" climate change being settled science. In 1996 the science was supposedly settled only to find out that the science had been manipulated to prove a point for political purposes. Nearly 20 years later we still have claims about settled science. But, the 20 years didn't elapse without another data scandal known as climategate in 2009. Didn't prevent the Obama administration from giving grant money to one of the discredited men, Michael Mann. Neither scandal mentioned in Laudato Si. Maybe the pope didn't bother mentioning the data manipulation because he used no data or facts to support his own claims about AGW.
Mike
I think environmentalism is the result of versus populum worship. By turning away from the Father and instead worshiping ourselves, we've lost the transcendent experience of the Sacred Liturgy. Now, we're trying to recover it by worshiping the atmosphere, vegetation and even the soil.
Personally, I think there is so much going on in the world, and so much to concern ourselves with, that concerns about air-conditioning should be at the bottom of the pile. Soon we probably won't have to worry about it because a few well-targeted A-bombs from Iraq will put paid to any air-conditioning needs.
People everywhere should be much more concerned about the security of their country and freedom for coming generations. The real issues are being clouded by global warming and the Pope has more or less become a puppet of the UN. 9/11 proved that the US is much more vulnerable than was realised. Every country's security is now at risk and life and freedom as we know it is under threat and can be destroyed very readily - much sooner than any global warming might bring about. Global warming is a theory but threats to our security are very real.
Jan
Actually, all of it is important. We can't wait for momentous occasions or historical dilemmas to act appropriately. Each act, especially the small ones, are import because they form the habit for the great choices in hopes that we will will respond appropriately before we think better of it.
Motto of this Blog: SAVE THE WAIL!
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